Ubuntu GNU/Linux 8.04

At last Ubuntu 8.04, 'Hardy Heron' is here! It is the culmination of nearly two years of development since the last Long term Support version, 6.06 'Dapper Drake' and you will find that it has been well worth the wait.

Quite simply, Ubuntu 8.04 is probably the best GNU/Linux desktop operating system yet.


Ubuntu logo

This is Ubuntu 8.04 LTS, the April 2008 version codenamed 'Hardy Heron', and the second version of Ubuntu with Long Term Support. It is the stable release of Ubuntu.

Ubuntu is fast becoming the most popular GNU/Linux distribution. Built on Debian Ubuntu capitalises on all the strengths of Debian and adds tremendous desktop support for devices such as cameras, and is generally much more user-friendly. Its development is very much community-oriented.

There are different flavours of Ubuntu:

  • Ubuntu comes with the Gnome desktop as default
  • Kubuntu comes with KDE desktop instead.
  • Ubuntu Server makes it easy to set up a LAMP server.
  • Edubuntu is an add-on configured with schools in mind.
  • Kubuntu-KDE4 is a preview of the new KDE 4 desktop.
  • Xubuntu uses the Xfce lightweight desktop.
  • Ubuntu Studio - for multimedia editing.
  • Mythbuntu for setting up a MythTV system.
  • Gobuntu is completely free of any proprietary software.
  • JeOS is optimised for virtualisation and the development of virtual appliances.

Note that 'apt-get install ubuntu-desktop' will add Gnome to Kubuntu, and 'apt-get install kubuntu-desktop' adds KDE to Ubuntu, so really they're the same thing with different outfits.

An Xubuntu system has fewer features than Gnome and KDE offer, but uses less memory and is much slicker in use. An Xubuntu Live CD makes a particularly good rescue disk.

In the main flavours, there are two different CD's available:

  • The Desktop CD is a live CD, with a graphical installer. It is the preferred medium for installing Ubuntu. Choose this if you're in doubt and new to installing Linux. It allows you to check out Ubuntu on your hardware before committing to an install, which is then a simple matter of clicking on a desktop icon.
  • The Alternate Install CD is a streamlined version of the older text-based installer, it is faster than its predecessor, allows the more experienced user to get a fresh install up and running quickly, and provides a lot more flexibility, particularly with disk partitioning.

Why not buy both Desktop and Alternate Install CD's and get the best of both worlds?

The server CD has new kernels tuned for server rather than desktop use, and includes:

  • Enhanced server performance
  • Both low-end, and "big iron" server kernels
  • Turn-key LAMP installation
  • Improved support for clusters and SAN's
  • Numerous thin client enhancements, including faster client startup

The DVD's include the Live and Install configurations in one package. The Ubuntu DVD uses the Gnome desktop, Kubuntu KDE. Each of the DVD's has many extra packages compared with the CD's, saving install download time, with different selections according to the maintainers' choice.

Note - Support. The following versions of Ubuntu 8.04:

  • Ubuntu
  • Ubuntu Server
  • Kubuntu
  • Edubuntu

are the 'official' Canonical Limited releases with 'Long Term Support' for Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server only. Edubuntu 8.04 and Kubuntu 8.04 will be supported by Canonical for 18 months. All other versions, including Kubuntu-KDE4, Xubuntu, Mythbuntu, Ubuntu Studio, Gobuntu and JeOS are produced and supported by the Ubuntu community, not Canonical Limited, and do not have Long Term Support.

'Long Term Support' for the 8.04 series means that there will three years support and maintenance for desktop editions, with five years for the server.

System Requirements

The minimum memory requirement for Ubuntu 8.04 is 384MB of memory for desktop CDs, and 256MB for other installation methods. (Note that some of your system's memory may be unavailable due to being used for the graphics card.)

With only the minimum amount of memory available, the installation process will take longer than normal, but will complete successfully, and the system will perform adequately once installed. Low-memory systems may be able to use the desktop CD to install by selecting 'Install Ubuntu' from the boot menu to run just the installer, rather than the whole desktop started by selecting 'Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer'. For systems with limited memory the text mode of the Alternative Installation may give the best results.

Which Option do I Need ?

Are you confused when you come to choose between the i386 and amd64 options for these CDs and DVDs? This may help:

  • The i386 option is suitable for all relatively modern Intel and AMD 32 bit processors (Intel Pentium, Celeron, Core Solo, Duo, etc; AMD Geode (GX,LX,NX), Duron, Athlon (K6/K7), Sempron without AMD64 support, etc). Also it will run happily on Intel and AMD 64 bit processors, but not achieve their full potential.
  • The amd64 option is suitable only for 64 bit processors (AMD Athlon 64, Turion 64, Opteron, Semporn with AMD64 support, etc; Intel processors with EM64T support: Core 2, Pentium D, Pentium Extreme Edition, Xeon, some versions of Pentium 4 and Celeron D, etc). The amd64 option will allow the full performance and memory addressing capabilities of these powerful processors to be realised. However, not all software has been ported to the 64 bit platform.
  • The i386 32 bit option will run on most AMD and Intel processors, including 64 bit versions.
  • The amd64 64 bit version will run on AMD64 and Intel EM64T processors only. If you need their full performance, choose this option for 64 bit processors but be aware that some (non-Ubuntu) software you may wish to use (eg browser plugins) may not have been ported to the 64-bit platform.
  • If you don't need the full 64 bit performance (most of us don't), the i386 option is the most useful currently.

Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

Standard Ubuntu uses the Gnome desktop, and here the accent is on simplicity. When you start the system for the first time you are greeted by a desktop that is unusually clean and tidy. No desktop icons by default! Even the recycling bin has been moved down to the taskbar. The default theme is designed to be easy on the eye. But Linux is inherently flexible; you can customise the look and behaviour of the desktop in a range of ways, from simply changing the default theme to selecting a different desktop environment altogether.



Ubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Ubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

The Ubuntu Alternate CD uses the text installer instead of the new GUI installer. It needs less system memory and permits advanced installs with preseeded options as well as LVM or RAID disk configurations.



Ubuntu 8.04 Live/Install DVD

One DVD-R £4.00
Image of Ubuntu 8.04 Live/Install DVD

The Ubuntu DVD combines the functions of the Desktop and Alternate Install CD's in one convenient package.



Ubuntu 8.04 Server CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Ubuntu 8.04 Server CD

With the latest release, 8.04 LTS, the Ubuntu Server Edition adds support for several common configurations, bringing the ease of use that Ubuntu has become famous for on the desktop to server deployments. The Ubuntu Server Edition provides a well-integrated platform for deploying a new server with any of the standard internet services: mail, web, DNS, file serving or database management.

A key lesson from the Debian heritage is that of security by default. The Ubuntu Server has no open ports after the installation and contains only the essential software needed to build a secure server.

Automatic LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP): in about 15 minutes, the time it takes to install Ubuntu Server Edition, you can have a LAMP server up and ready to go. This feature, exclusive to Ubuntu Server Edition, is available at the time of installation.

The LAMP option saves the trouble of installing and integrating each of the four separate LAMP components, a process which can take hours and requires someone who is skilled in the installation and configuration of the individual applications. You get increased security, reduced time to install, and reduced risk of misconfiguration, all of which results in a lower cost of ownership.



Kubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Kubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

Kubuntu 8.04 incorporates the KDE 3.5 desktop, see KDE 3.5 Visual Guide for a full description. A notable feature is zeroconf which aims to allow network communication without configuration.



Kubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Kubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

The Kubuntu Alternate CD uses the text installer instead of the new GUI installer. It needs less system memory and permits advanced installs with preseeded options as well as LVM or RAID disk configurations.



Kubuntu 8.04 Live/Install DVD

One DVD-R £4.00
Image of Kubuntu 8.04 Live/Install DVD

The Kubuntu DVD combines the functions of the Kubuntu Desktop and Alternate Install CD's in one convenient package, with the KDE desktop.



Edubuntu 8.04 Add-On CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Edubuntu 8.04 Add-On CD

Edubuntu, or Ubuntu Education Edition, is the education-focused counterpart of Ubuntu. Based on Ubuntu, it offers regular releases, a simple and intuitive desktop and a tight selection of excellent packages suited to an education environment. The default install bundle includes education and productivity applications, and an incredible variety of packages is available a few clicks away from a global network of mirrors. Edubuntu comes with the fully integrated iTalc classroom management software allowing for teacher sharing, monitoring and control of networked workstations and thin clients.

Edubuntu is installed as an add-on to the standard Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop or Server. To install from the add-on CD you require an existing Ubuntu 8.04 desktop system as as a base.

You can use the Ubuntu Education Edition CD either to install the full Edubuntu education environment and desktop in one operation, or select individual Education applications from the bundle for installation onto your Ubuntu desktop environment. There are two possible types of installation:

  • A Classroom Server
    • requires Ubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD (above) and this Edubuntu Add-On CD
    • will give the classroom 'LTSP' thin-client capabilities, allowing you to use cheap thin-client terminals and reducing system administration workload.
  • A Work Station
    • requires Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop (or Alternate Install CD if you prefer) (above) and this Edubuntu Add-On CD
    • will give you a standalone (ie not thin-client) workstation for teacher or pupil to use, for example at home

Using Ubuntu Education Edition, schools will benefit from increased functionality as well as significant cost reductions for classroom use, and pupils can use Edubuntu at home, free of any software cost. See the Edubuntu home page here for more details.

Installation instructions are here. Remember! You need to order the appropriate Ubuntu Desktop and/or Alternate Install CDs as well as this Edubuntu Add-On CD, or for convenience order the Edubuntu Bundle below.



Edubuntu 8.04 CD Bundle

Set of 3 CDs £4.00
Image of Edubuntu 8.04 CD Bundle

This is a convenient bundle of three CDs, allowing you to set up any Edubuntu 8.04 configuration:

  • The Edubuntu Add-On CD
  • The Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop CD
  • The Ubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD


Xubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Xubuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

Xubuntu uses the xfce desktop instead of Gnome or KDE: xfce is much slimmer, with a snappier response and has the added benefit of being able to run in less memory. This combined live and install CD requires 192Mb of memory to run and install, and once installed 128Mb to run, but the Alternate Install disk can install and run in less.



Xubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Xubuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

The Xubuntu Alternate Install CD gives the experienced user much more choice and flexibility during the install process and has the added benefit of requiring less memory for the install.



Ubuntu Studio 8.04 Alternate Install DVD

One DVD-R £3.00
Image of Ubuntu Studio 8.04 Alternate Install DVD

Ubuntu Studio provides a suite of the best open source applications for multimedia creation. It is aimed at professionals as well as GNU/Linux audio, video and graphics enthusiasts. It includes:

  • Ardour 2 multitrack recorder/editor, geared toward people familiar with Pro-Tools
  • Graphics
    • GIMP image editor
    • Inkscape
    • Blender
    • dcraw plugin for RAW camera files
    • wacom-tools plugin for Wacom tablets
  • Video creation
    • PiTiVi
    • Kino
    • CinePaint

More details are available at the Ubuntu Studio website.

Please note that although this is a DVD, the functionality is equivalent to that of an Alternate Install CD in other Ubuntu variants.



Kubuntu KDE4 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Kubuntu KDE4 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

Kubuntu-KDE4 is the cutting edge version of Kubuntu comprising a remix of Kubuntu using the KDE4 Desktop. KDE4 is the latest version of KDE, built using Trolltech's superb Qt version 4 GUI toolkit. See the KDE4 Visual Guide.

Whilst the standard Kubuntu 8.04 provides rock-solid stability, Kubuntu-KDE4 gives you the opportunity to try out the exciting new features of KDE4. Experience the future today!



Kubuntu KDE4 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Kubuntu KDE4 8.04 Alternate Install CD

This is the Alternate Install version of KDE4, providing the experienced installer with more options, greater flexibility and a faster install, and without the overhead of a live CD.



Mythbuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Mythbuntu 8.04 Desktop Live/Install CD

Mythbuntu allows you to set up a standalone MythTV-based Personal Video Recorder (PVR) system. It can be used to prepare a standalone system or for integration with an existing MythTV network.

MythTV gives you a fully-featured modern computer-based video recording system capable of recording multiple simultaneous broadcasts, sophisticated pre-programming and, if you wish, remote operation from a browser via the internet using MythWeb. For example, if on the way to work reading your newspaper, you see that you're going to miss a TV programme, you could log into your MythTV machine from work and set the machine to record it.

Note that Mythbuntu provides the software only: you will need to buy and configure the appropriate hardware, and you will be rewarded with a system which outperforms most commercial systems and has the added benefit of being completely open and configurable by you. Your recorded data will always be fully available for archiving and transfer to other systems.

Mythbuntu is developed by the community which keeps close ties with Ubuntu and gives all development back to Ubuntu. This architecture allows simple conversions from a standard desktop to a Mythbuntu machine and vice versa. The development cycle of Mythbuntu closely follows that of Ubuntu, releasing every six months with Ubuntu releases.



Mythbuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Mythbuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

The Mythbuntu Alternate Install CD for more flexibility.



Gobuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50
Image of Gobuntu 8.04 Alternate Install CD

Gobuntu is Ubuntu, but with all non-free software removed (no proprietary drivers, no driver firmware downloads, no restricted content, etc). If you value having a Free Software distribution above more practical considerations, this is the Ubuntu for you.

Please note that because running Gobuntu on most laptops and many desktops may be difficult, Gobuntu is intended for experienced Linux enthusiasts at this time.



JeOS 8.04 Alternate Install CD

One CD £1.50

JeOS (Just Enough Operating System), sometimes known as juice, is a lightweight version of Ubuntu Server configured specifically for virtual appliances. It is optimised for virtualisation and reduces the complexity and maintenance overhead normally associated with using general purpose operating systems for virtualisation. Ubuntu JeOS Edition has been tuned to take advantage of the key performance technologies of the latest virtualisation products from VMware. The combination of reduced size and optimised performance ensures that Ubuntu JeOS delivers a highly efficient use of server resources in large virtual deployments.

You can learn more about Ubuntu JeOS here. If you're not sure if you need JeOS, then most probably you don't.